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11.
Sherri L. Johnson Don Henshaw Greg Downing Steve Wondzell Mark Schulze Adam Kennedy Greg Cohn Stephanie A. Schmidt Julia A. Jones 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14187
The H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) encompasses the 6400 ha Lookout Creek watershed in western Oregon, USA. Hydrologic, chemistry and precipitation data have been collected, curated, and archived for up to 70 years. The HJA was established in 1948 to study the effects of harvest of old-growth conifer forest and logging-road construction on water quality, quantity and vegetation succession. Over time, research questions have expanded to include terrestrial and aquatic species, communities and ecosystem dynamics. There are nine small experimental watersheds and 10 gaging stations in the HJA, including both reference and experimentally treated watersheds. Gaged watershed areas range from 8.5 to 6242 ha. All gaging stations record stage height, water conductivity, water temperature and above-stream air temperature. At nine of the gage sites, flow-proportional water samples are collected and composited over 3-week intervals for chemical analysis. Analysis of stream and precipitation chemistry began in 1968. Analytes include dissolved and particulate species of nitrogen and phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, pH, specific conductance, suspended sediment, alkalinity, and major cations and anions. Supporting climate measurements began in the 1950s in association with the first small watershed experiments. Over time, and following the initiation of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) grant in 1980, infrastructure expanded to include a set of benchmark and secondary meteorological stations located in clearings spanning the elevation range within the Lookout Creek watershed, as well as a large number of forest understory temperature stations. Extensive metadata on sensor configurations, changes in methods over time, sensor accuracy and precision, and data quality control flags are associated with the HJA data. 相似文献
12.
Peter R. Robichaud Edwin D. Bone Sarah A. Lewis Erin S. Brooks Robert E. Brown 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13943
Active wildfire seasons in the western U.S. warrant the evaluation of post-fire forest management strategies. Ground-based salvage logging is often used to recover economic loss of burned timber. In unburned forests, ground-based logging often follows best management practices by leaving undisturbed areas near streams called stream buffers. However, the effectiveness of these buffers has not been tested in a post-wildfire setting. This experiment tested buffer width effectiveness with a novel field-simulated rill experiment using sediment-laden runoff (25 g/L) released over 40 min at evenly timed flow rates (50, 100 and 150 L/min) to measure surface runoff travel length and sediment concentration under unburned and high and low soil burn severity conditions at 2-, 10- and 22-month post-fire. High severity areas 2-month post-fire had rill lengths of up to 100 m. Rill length significantly decreased over time as vegetation regrowth provided ground cover. Sediment concentration and sediment dropout rate also varied significantly by soil burn severity. Sediment concentrations were 19 g/L for the highest flow 2-month post-fire and reduced to 6.9–14 g/L 10-month post-fire due to abundant vegetation recovery. The amount of sediment dropping out of the flow consistently increased over the study period with the low burn severity rate of 1.15 g L−1 m−1 approaching the unburned rate of 1.29 g L−1 m−1 by 2-year post-fire. These results suggest that an often-used standard, 15 m buffer, was sufficient to contain surface runoff and reduce sediment concentration on unburned sites, however buffers on high burn severity sites need to be eight times greater (120 m) immediately after wildfire and four times greater (60 m) 1-year post-fire. Low burn severity areas 1-year post-fire may need to be only twice the width of an unburned buffer (30 m), and 2-year post-fire these could return to unburned widths. 相似文献
13.
Acta Geochimica - The article presents the results of a comparative geochemical study of cherts and siliceous–clayey rocks composing the tectono-sedimentary complexes of various structural... 相似文献
14.
Astronomy Letters - The formation of the rubidium resonance lines is considered by taking into account the effects of departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). A rubidium model atom... 相似文献
15.
Selin V. A. Emelyanov A. A. Sizov O. S. Emelyanov K. S. Borisov A. V. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2020,56(9):1182-1189
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Our survey of various space image consumers identified that the geographic coverage, regularity, and frequency of observations are the most important... 相似文献
16.
Pevzner M. M. Lebedev V. A. Kuscheva Yu. V. Volynets A. O. Tolstykh M. L. Babansky A. D. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2020,490(1):1-3
Doklady Earth Sciences - A first set of K–Ar isotopic ages obtained, which allowed to estimate the age of the largest volcanoes of the Anaunsky Dol (3.2, 2.2 and 1.9 Ma) and eruptive centers... 相似文献
17.
Doklady Earth Sciences - Oxidation decomposition of titanomagnetite grains to the magnetite–ilmenite lattice during the formation of igneous rock can lead to thermochemical remanent... 相似文献
18.
Oceanology - New data are presented on sedimentary matter fluxes and its main components along a meridional transect (59°30′ N) in the North Atlantic under the effect of multidirectional... 相似文献
19.
20.
Andreev A. O. Nefedyev Yu. A. Demina N. Yu. Nefediev L. A. Petrova N. K. Zagidullin A. A. 《Astronomy Reports》2020,64(9):795-803
Astronomy Reports - The initial form of present-day space optical observations contain considerable geometrical and brightness distortions. This problem can be solved based on geometrical... 相似文献